|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Sure Start and the `re-authorization' of Section 47 child protection practices
Karen Broadhurst
Lancaster University, k.broadhurst{at}lancaster.ac.uk
Claire Mason
Lancaster University
Chris Grover
Lancaster University
In a recent Sure Start evaluation report (Barnes et al. 2006) it was argued that an increase in Section 47 enquiries and registrations on the Child Protection Register in Sure Start Local Programme Areas was an achievement, reflecting better and/or earlier identification of need and enhanced collaboration between agencies to identify and support families. This paper critically engages with these conclusions, arguing that they are in danger of encouraging practices at a discursive and practical level that in many ways represent a retrograde step back to child protection policies that predominated in the pre-Messages from Research (Department of Health 1995) period. In this sense, it is argued that the evaluation report represents the potential re-authorization of Section 47 work through its endorsement of practices skewed towards investigative child protection. The paper concludes that if a broader range of agencies are drawn into child welfare's more forensic practices, this may exacerbate the social exclusion of poorer working class communities and women, ignoring the socio-economic determinants of child `abuse'.
Key Words: children's services collaboration evaluation inequality investigation
References
- Ainsworth, F. (2002) `Mandatory Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect: Does it Really Make a Difference?', Child and Family Social Work 7: 57—63.[CrossRef]
- Ainsworth, F. (2006) `Five Tumultuous Years in Australian Child Protection: Little Progress', Child and Family Social Work 11(1): 33—41.[CrossRef]
- Audit Commission (1994) Seen But Not Heard: Co-ordinating Community Health and Social Services for Children in Need. London: HMSO.
- Ayre, P. (2001) `Child Protection and the Media Lessons from the Last Three Decades', British Journal of Social Work 31: 887—901.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Ball, M. (2002) Getting Sure Start Started. NESS Research Report 2. Nottingham: DfES Publications.
- Barnes, J., De Sousa, C., Frost, M., Harper, G. and Laban, D. (2005) Changes in the Characteristics of Sure Start Local Programme Areas — 2000/2001 to 2002/2003. NESS Research Report 8. Nottingham: DfES Publications.
- Barnes, J., Cheng, H., Howden, B., Frost, M., Harper, G., Sapna, D. and Finn, J. (2006) Changes in the Characteristics of SSLP Areas between 2000/ 01 and 2003/04. Research Report NESS/2006/FR/016. Nottingham: DfES Publications.
- Beecham, J. and Sinclair, I. (2007) Costs and Outcomes in Children's Social Care. DfES: London.
- Belsky, J. (1993) `Aetiology of Child Maltreatment: A Developmental-Ecological Analysis', Psychological Bulletin 114(3): 413—34.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Berg, I. (1994) Family-based Service: A Solution Focused Approach. New York: Norton.
- Bourdieu, P. (1991) Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Brandon, M., Thoburn, J., Lewis, A. and Way, A. (1999) Safeguarding Children with the Children Act 1989. London: The Stationery Office.
- Broadhurst, K. (2003) `Engaging Parents and Carers with Family Support Services: What Can be Learned from the Literature on Help-seeking', Child and Family Social Work 8(4): 341—50.[CrossRef]
- Broadhurst, K. (2005) `Help-seeking and Child Welfare: A Study of Situated Decision Making', PhD thesis, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
- Broadhurst, K. and Pendleton, T. (2007) `Revisiting Children ``Home on Trial'' in the Context of Current Concerns about the Costs and Effectiveness of the Looked After Children System: Findings from an Exploratory Study', Child and Family Social Work, advanced access from 6 April [doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2206.2007.00489.x].
- Brophy, J. (2006) Research Review: Child Care Proceedings under the Children Act 1989. DCA Series 5/06. DCA: London.
- Cant, R. and Downie, R. (1994) A Study of Western Australian Child Protection Data; 1989—1994. Perth: Department of Community Development.
- Cawson, P., Wattam, C., Brooker, S. and Kelly, G. (2000) Child Maltreatment in the UK: A Study of the Prevalence of Child Abuse and Neglect. London: NSPCC.
- Clarke, K. (2006) `Childhood, Parenting and Early Intervention: A Critical Examination of the Sure Start National Programme', Critical Social Policy 26: 699—721.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Cleaver, H. and Freeman, P. (1995) Parental Perspectives in Cases of Suspected Child Abuse. London: HMSO.
- Cleaver, H. and Walker, S. (2004) `From Policy to Practice: The Implementation of a New Framework for Social Work Assessments of Children and Families', Child and Family Social Work 9: 81—90.[CrossRef]
- Community Care (2006) `Good Start, More To Do', Community Care 10 August (no. 1635): 5.
- CSCI (Commission for Social Care Inspection) ( 2006) Supporting Parents, Safeguarding Children: Meeting the Needs of Parents with Children on the Child Protection Register. London: CSCI.
- Daniel, B. and Taylor, J. (2006) `Gender and Child Neglect: Theory, Research and Policy', Critical Social Policy 26(2): 426—39.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Department of Health (1995) Child Protection: Messages from Research. London: HMSO.
- Department of Health, Department for Education and Employment, Home Office (2000) The Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families. London: The Stationery Office.
- Farmer, E. and Owen, M. (1995) Child Protection Practice: Private Risks and Public Remedies — Decision Making, Intervention and Outcome in Child Protection Work. London: HMSO.
- Featherstone, B. (2004) Family Life and Family Support: A Feminist Analysis. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Garbers, C., Tunstill, J., Allnock, D. and Akhurst, S. (2006) `Facilitating Access to Services for Children and Families: Lessons from Sure Start Local Programmes', Child and Family Social Work 11(4): 287—96.[CrossRef]
- Garrett, P.M. (2006) `How to be Modern: New Labour's Neoliberal Modernity and the Change for Children Programme', British Journal of Social Work, advanced access from 18 October [doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bcl345].
- Gibbons, J., Conroy, S. and Bell, C. (1995) Operating the Child Protection System. London: HMSO.
- Goldson, B. and Jamieson, J. (2002) `Youth Crime, the ``Parenting Deficit'' and State Intervention: A Contextual Critique', Youth Justice 2(2): 82—99.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Gustafsson, U. and Driver, S. (2005) `Parents, Power and Public Participation: Sure Start, an Experiment in New Labour Governance', Social Policy and Administration 39(5): 528—43.[CrossRef]
- Horwath, J. (2002) `Maintaining a Focus on the Child? First Impressions of the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families in Cases of Child Neglect', Child Abuse Review 11(4): 195—213.[CrossRef]
- Horwath, J. and Morrison, T. (2000) `Identifying and Implementing Pathways for Organisational Change — Using the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families', Child and Family Social Work 5: 245—54.[CrossRef]
- Jack, G. (2004) `Child Protection at Community Level', Child Abuse Review 13: 368—83.[CrossRef]
- Jack, G. (1997) `Discourses of Child Protection and Child Welfare', British Journal of Social Work 27(5): 659—78.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Jack, G. and Gill, O. (2003) The Missing Side of the Triangle: Assessing the Importance of Family and Environmental Factors in the Lives of Children. Ilford: Barnardo's.
- King, M. (2005) `Good Intentions into Social Action', pp. 65—84 in H. Hendrick (ed.) Child Welfare and Social Policy. Bristol: Policy Press.
- Lister, R. (2006) `Children (But Not Women) First: New Labour, Child Welfare and Gender', Critical Social Policy 26(2): 315—35.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- May-Chahal, C. (2006) `Gender and Child Maltreatment', Social Work and Society 4(1) [http://www.socwork.net/2006/1/articles/maychahal ].
- May-Chahal, C. and Broadhurst, K. (2006) `Integrating Objects of Intervention and Organisational Relevance: The Case of Safeguarding Children Missing from Education Systems', Child Abuse Review 15: 440—55.[CrossRef]
- May-Chahal, C. and Mason, C. (2006) `Making Enquiries under Section 47 of the Children Act 1989', pp. 232—45 in K. Wilson and A. James (eds) The Child Protection Handbook. Oxford: Elsevier.
- eadows, P. and Garbers, C. (2004) Sure Start Local Programmes and Improving the Employability of Parents. NESS Research Report 6. Nottingham: DfES Publications.
- Ncipca (1996) Childhood Matters: The Report of the National Commission of the Inquiry into the Prevention of Child Abuse, vol. 2, Background Papers. London: HMSO.
- O'Brien, M. and Penna, S. (1998) Theorising Welfare: Enlightenment and Society. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Parton, N. (2006) Safeguarding Childhood: Early Intervention and Surveillance in a Late Modern Society. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Parton, N., Thorpe, D. and Wattam, C. (1997) Child Protection: Risk and the Moral Order. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
- Penn, H. and Gough, D. (2002) `The Price of a Loaf of Bread: Some Conceptions of Family Support', Children and Society 16: 17—32.[CrossRef]
- Penna, S. (2005) `The Children Act 2004: Child Protection and Social Surveillance', Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law 27(2): 143—57.[CrossRef]
- Pithouse, A. (2005) `Developing a Common Assessment Approach to the Early Identification of Children in Need: The Swansea, Wales, Case Study', in R. Flynn, P. Dudding and J. Barber (eds) Promoting Resilience in Child Welfare. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
- Platt, D. (2006) `Investigation or Initial Assessment of Child Concerns? The impact of the Refocusing Initiative on Social Work Practice', British Journal of Social Work 36: 267—81.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Rose, N. (2001) `The Politics of Life Itself', Theory, Culture and Society 18(6): 1—30.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Rossi, P. and Freeman, H. (1982) Evaluation a Systematic Approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
- Sayer, A. (2005) The Moral Significance of Class. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Scourfield, J. and Drakeford, M. (2002) `New Labour and the ``Problem of Men'' ', Critical Social Policy 22(4): 619—40.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Spratt, T. and Callan, J. (2004) `Parents' Views on Social Work Interventions in Child Welfare Cases', British Journal of Social Work 34: 199—224.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Sure Start (2002) Sure Start: A Guide for Sixth Wave Programmes. London: DfES Sure Start Unit.
- Taylor, A. (2006) `Better News for Sure Start as Fresh Study Reveals Benefits', Community Care 1635: 16—17.
- Taylor, C. and White, S. (2001) `Knowledge, Truth and Reflexivity: The Problem of Judgement', Journal of Social Work 1(1): 37—59.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Taylor, D. (2006) `Critical Policy Evaluation and the Question of Values: A Psychosocial Approach', Critical Social Policy 26: 243—67.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Thoburn, J., Lewis, A. and Shemmings, D. (1993) Family Participation in Child Protection: A Report for the Department of Health. Norwich: University of East Anglia.
- Thorpe, D. (1994) Evaluating Child Protection. Buckingham: Open University Press.
- Tunstill, J. and Aldgate, J. (2000) Services for Children in Need: From Policy to Practice. London: The Stationery Office.
- Tunstill, J., Allnock, D., Meadows, P. and McLeod, A. (2002) Early Experiences of Implementing Sure Start. NESS Research Report 1. Nottingham: DfES Publications.
- Turnell, A. and Edwards, S. (1999) Signs of Safety: A Solution and Safety Oriented Approach to Child Protection. New York: Norton.
- Wattam, C. (1996) `Child Abuse Troubles', PhD thesis, Lancaster University, UK.
- Wattam, C. (1999) `The Prevention of Child Abuse', Children and Society 13: 317—29.[CrossRef]
Critical Social Policy, Vol. 27, No. 4,
443-461 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0261018307081807

CiteULike Complore Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati Twitter What's this?
|
|